SearchBriefing

Market profile

United States

The US is the largest data centre market and the centre of AI campus construction. A Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory report for DOE found data centres used about 176 TWh in 2023, 4.4% of US electricity, and could reach 325 to 580 TWh, or 6.7% to 12%, by 2028. Tracked projects include Microsoft's Fairwater campus in Wisconsin, Meta's 5 GW Richland Parish site and the 1.2 GW Abilene campus in Texas.

Overview

Capacity is spread across many metros, with Northern Virginia the largest cluster and new gigawatt-scale AI campuses in Texas, Louisiana, Wisconsin and elsewhere. All four tracked hyperscalers have many regions.

Why it matters for cooling and power

Grid interconnection, on-site generation and liquid cooling choices at US AI campuses set the pace for equipment demand globally.

Key metros and clusters

  • Northern Virginia: Loudoun, Prince William and Fairfax counties. Not yet populated with projects.

Grid context

Federal regulators are examining large-load interconnection. Projects increasingly pair grid connections with on-site batteries, solar and gas turbines, as at Abilene.

Water, heat reuse, efficiency and planning

Water and permitting rules are state and local. Microsoft and Crusoe report closed-loop liquid cooling designs that avoid evaporative water use.

Latest changes

  1. Market 13 Jul 2026 Meta lifts Richland Parish plan to 5 GW of compute capacity: Meta said its Louisiana site, home of the Hyperion cluster, will grow to 5 GW of compute capacity with more than $50 billion invested, naming DPR, Turner and Mortenson as general contractors. Related: Meta Platforms, Meta Richland Parish data center (Hyperion, Louisiana). datacenters.atmeta.com (opens in a new tab)
  2. Market 23 Jun 2026 Microsoft's first Fairwater facility in Wisconsin is fully operational: Microsoft said the first Mount Pleasant facility was fully operational on 23 June 2026, with a second facility due in 2028. The site uses closed-loop liquid cooling for over 90% of capacity. Related: Microsoft, Microsoft Fairwater 1 (Mount Pleasant, Wisconsin), Microsoft second Mount Pleasant facility (Wisconsin), Microsoft Mount Pleasant campus (Fairwater, Wisconsin). news.microsoft.com (opens in a new tab)blogs.microsoft.com (opens in a new tab)
  3. Project 18 Mar 2025 Abilene AI campus at Lancium Clean Campus (Stargate Abilene, Texas)Phase two construction started (six buildings) Related: Abilene AI campus at Lancium Clean Campus (Stargate Abilene, Texas), Abilene AI campus phase 1 (two buildings). crusoe.ai (opens in a new tab)

All changes

Tracked projects

ProjectLevelStageOperator or developerLatest change
Abilene AI campus at Lancium Clean Campus (Stargate Abilene, Texas)campusUnder constructionCrusoe, Lancium18 Mar 2025: Phase two construction started (six buildings)
Abilene AI campus phase 1 (two buildings)phaseUnder constructionCrusoe18 Mar 2025: Phase two construction started (six buildings)
Meta Richland Parish data center (Hyperion, Louisiana)campusUnder constructionMeta Platforms13 Jul 2026: Meta said its Louisiana site, home of the Hyperion cluster, will grow to 5 GW of compute capacity with more than $50 billion invested, naming DPR, Turner and Mortenson as general contractors.
Microsoft Fairwater 1 (Mount Pleasant, Wisconsin)phaseOperatingMicrosoft23 Jun 2026: Microsoft said the first Mount Pleasant facility was fully operational on 23 June 2026, with a second facility due in 2028. The site uses closed-loop liquid cooling for over 90% of capacity.
Microsoft Mount Pleasant campus (Fairwater, Wisconsin)campusUnder constructionMicrosoft23 Jun 2026: Microsoft said the first Mount Pleasant facility was fully operational on 23 June 2026, with a second facility due in 2028. The site uses closed-loop liquid cooling for over 90% of capacity.
Microsoft second Mount Pleasant facility (Wisconsin)phaseUnder constructionMicrosoft23 Jun 2026: Microsoft said the first Mount Pleasant facility was fully operational on 23 June 2026, with a second facility due in 2028. The site uses closed-loop liquid cooling for over 90% of capacity.

Filter all projects by United States

Capacity in tracked public coverage

Tracked public coverage, not a national total. Sums of reported, project-level figures from 1 of the 6 published project records we track for United States. Each metric and each delivery class is summed on its own and never added to another. Confirmed operating capacity never includes design or ultimate capacity. Delayed projects are never counted as under construction now. Campus and phase figures are not double counted. Ranges and upper bounds are not summed. Unknown values are not counted as zero.

MetricDelivery classSum of tracked recordsContributing records
Total facility powerAnnounced or design capacity (not delivered)
Ultimate, design or announced capacity. Not delivered capacity. Never added to confirmed figures.
1,200 MW
Figures not counted (6) and why

Method: capacity rules. Company-wide investment, area figures and third-party market estimates are never included in these sums.

Cloud regions in United States

A cloud region is a provider's service area. It is not a data centre campus and has no MW figure here.

Policy timeline

No policy records published.

Operators and developers

Relevant technologies

Suppliers with evidence in United States

Listed because a public source shows activity, an office or delivery in United States. Not an endorsement or proof of any project contract.

Sources (2), last checked 18 Oct 2026
  1. DOE releases new report evaluating increase in electricity demand from data centers (opens in a new tab), US Department of Energy, published 20 Dec 2024, accessed 18 Oct 2026
  2. 2024 United States Data Center Energy Usage Report (opens in a new tab), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, published 2024-12, accessed 18 Oct 2026

Last checked 18 Oct 2026 by CoolPower Index research (automated, sourced). Report a correction.